A Study of Factors Driving Shareholders’ Value Free Essays

string(59) Commodity Broking and Distribution of Financial Products. [pic] A Study of Factors Driving Shareholders’ Value and Influencing Sensex Fluctuation In India Executive Summary The goal of this venture is to examine the most significant elements which drive investors, esteem. Shareholders’ esteem here alludes to the MVA (advertise esteem included) which implies the extra worth which investors are winning on their put away cash. The presentation of an organization matters a great deal in making a positive picture of that organization before its partners. We will compose a custom exposition test on A Study of Factors Driving Shareholders’ Value or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now Also, the primary target of an organization is to boost the shareholders’ esteem. In this way, investors consistently need to realize that the Company with whom they have depended their well deserved cash is effectively using it and subsequently, making Value for them. We have consistently perused the yearly report of the Companies to discover data about their â€Å"top line† and â€Å"bottom line†. We additionally have different budgetary proportions and terms which go about as basic elements to consider for our guide like Return on Capital Employed (ROCE), Return on Net worth (RONW), Earning per Share (EPS), Dividend per Share (DPS), Debt Equity Ratio (D/E Ratio) and Economic Value Added (EVA). This exploration is an endeavor to see if EVA, DPS, D/E Ratio, EPS, ROCE, RONW of the organizations recorded in sensex truly clarifies the worth accumulation for the investors and cause variance in sensex. In this way, I have accepted these factors as Independent factors and MVA as a needy Variable (shareholders’ worth) to apply relapse investigation to come out with an outcome that which variable is having a serious extent of Correlation with MVA and essentially clarifies variety in MVA. To play out this examination optional information has been gathered from Prowess and www. bseindia. com Out of 30 organizations recorded in sensex, 23 organizations are chosen as test. 7 organizations are wiped out as a result of lacking data accessible for these organizations. The explanation for picking these organizations is that their dependability as far as choice of the Companies as just those Companies are chosen which have a posting history of at any rate multi month with adequate exchanging recurrence. After that the information of various money related markers of these Companies (RONW, ROCE, D/E Ratio, EPS, DPS, Avg. Market Capitalization and Beta worth) are gathered for the time of 2003-2008. CAPM model is utilized for computing cost of value. The EVA and MVA is determined. After that change in MVA has been determined with deference of earlier year. Here 2003 has been taken as a base year and study has been done year insightful from 2004-2008. Both EVA and Change in MVA are normalized by isolating them two by Net Worth of the individual organizations. This is done so as to get relative estimation of EVA and MVA over a similar Net Worth. SPSS programming is utilized for applying straightforward and various relapse investigation. First Simple relapse has been applied taking each Independent variable in turn so as to discover most significant variable and dispense with least significant variable and investigate every factors impact over Change in MVA exclusively. After this numerous relapses has been applied so as to discover the mix of Independent factors which are emphatically corresponded with change in MVA. In my investigation EVA has been discovered the most significant variable then RONW, and afterward ROCE. These factors are having a serious extent of connection with change in MVA and essentially clarifying the variety in MVA independently. While the blend of EVA, EPS, and DPS are having a serious extent of relationship with change in MVA. Along these lines, my examination shows that it is ideal to put resources into an organization creating higher and positive EVA, RONW, and ROCE it will increase the value of investors. Record Chapter-1 Introduction Page No. 1. 1 Company Profile†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 12-13 1. 2 Product Services Offered by IL Investsmart†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 14-16 1. 3 Background of the Problem†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦17-19 1. Presentation of the Project†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 20-21 1. 5 Scope of the Project†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 22 1. 6 Literature Review†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 23-24 1. 7 Abbreviation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 25 1. 8 Research Objective†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 26 1. 9 Introducing MVA and EVA†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 27 Chapter-2 Research Methodology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦29-30 2. 1 Limitation of Research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 31 Chapter - 3 Research Analysis 3. 1 Different Measures utilized for Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦36-36 3. 2 Regression Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 37 3. Year insightful Result of Simple Regression analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦38-42 3. 4 Overall Result of Simple Regression Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 43 3. 5 Year savvy Results of Multiple Regression Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 44-62 3. 6 Overall aftereffect of Multiple Regression Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 63-64 Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 65 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 66 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 67 Appendices Appendix-1 Table of Annual Return of Sensex†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 68 Appendix-2 Table of Year savvy Annual NOPAT of the Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 Appendix-3 Table of Year astute Annual RONW of the Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 70 Appendix-4 Table of Year insightful Annual ROCE of the Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 71 Appendix-5 Table of Year savvy Annual D/E Ratios of the Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 72 Appendix-6 Table of Year insightful EPS of the Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 73 Appendix-7 Table of Year shrewd DPS of the Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 74 Appendix-8 Table of Year astute Annual Market Cap. of the Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 75 Appendix-9 Table of Year astute Equity of the Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦76 Appendix-10 Table of Year astute Bank getting of the Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 Appendix-11 Table of Year astute Annual Beta estimation of Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 78 Appendix-12 Table of Year savvy Levered Beta estimation of Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦79 Appendix-13 Table of Year shrewd expense of value of Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 80 Appendix-14 Table of Year savvy Cost of Capital of Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 81 Appendix-15 Table of Year insightful EVA of Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 82 Appendix-16 Table of Year astute Stdz. EVA of Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 83 Appendix-17 Table of Yaer astute MVA of Companies†¦Ã¢ï¿½

Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloid Precursor Protein Gene

Alzheimer’s illness, AD, is an upsetting condition that includes the decrease in perception of the brain which results to insane turmoil, and full of feeling and conduct unsettling influences (Bloom 9). It is a dynamic focal sensory system issue and the fundamental driver of dementia (Stavljenic-Rukavina 1). Alois Alzheimer in 1907 revealed the instance of a 51-year old Frankfurt lady who kicked the bucket in dementia (Bloom 9). He depicted the neuropathological state of the lady with neurofibrillary tangles or NFTs and amyloid plaques or NPs (Bloom10). NPs are extracellular beta-amyloid peptide or A?Spherical stores firmly identified with dendrites, receptive astrocytes, dystrophic axons, and initiated microglia (Felician and Sandson 19). Therefore, for quite a few years, community oriented endeavors of specialists from various logical and therapeutic undertakings were dedicated for the neurological and pathophysiological portrayal of this sickness (Bloom 9). Accordingly, the jobs of four indicated qualities, just as the component of oxidative pressure, tau, aggravation, hormonal changes, and irritation on the AD’s neurodegeneration have been the focal topic of logical examinations led on this infection (Felician and Sandson 19).As specialists ceaselessly picked up bits of knowledge on the instruments of neurodegeneration, pharmacological methodologies are simultaneously conceived for the advancement of fitting medication treatment and intercessions (Felician and Sandson 19). Atomic Mechanism Early and late beginning ADs are kinds of familial AD which are hereditarily heterogeneous. Familial AD is represented 10% of AD cases from 30-multi year old patients and credited to three sorts of qualities which included APP, presenilin-1 or PSEN1 and presenilin-2 or PSEN2 (Stavljenic-Rukavina, 1).Nonetheless, the transformations in these qualities additionally cause A? - level increment; A? is produced by proteolytic APP section that was likewise seen in the cerebrums of AD patients (Stavljenic-Rukavina, 2). Be that as it may, not all AD cases can be ascribed to the three distinguished qualities. Qualities are then the most significant determinant of AD improvement (Stavljenic-Rukavina, 2). Then again, there is an incredible possibility for youngsters with guardians having history of familial AD to acquire the hereditary characteristics and grow either beginning stage or late-beginning AD (Jayadev et.al. 375). Too, AD advancement danger in the posterity is straightforwardly identified with age; the inclination of AD event among offspring of guardians with verifiable AD foundation increments as the youngsters gain progress in their development and improvement (Jayadev et. al. 375). The pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s sickness, on cell level, has been reliably watched. The pyramidal neurons are the sort of cortical cells that are in a general sense decayed in AD pathogenesis coming about to the spread of NPs and NFTs in cortex zone s (Felician and Sandson 20).Both NPs and NFTs are ordinarily found in cerebrum territories in the maturing procedure yet their focuses and densities are curious on account of AD (Felician and Sandson 20). Initially, NPs are found at the amygdala and gathered in parietal affiliation and request worldly cortex parts (Felician and Sandson 20). In the development of AD, NPs can likewise be seen in hippocampus, in different structures of mesial temporolimbic cerebrum, and even in cortical and meningeal veins (Felician and Sandson 20).Luckily, the territories for sensorimotor and visual are stayed unaffected. In the mean time, in the beginning period of AD, NFTs can be discovered hippocampus, amygdala, and in entorhinal cortex, the affiliation cortex has wealth of NFTs (Felician and Sandson 20). Be that as it may, NFTs are not only for the instances of AD, these are additionally recognized in the few cerebral difficulties like in dementia pugilistica, postencephalitic parkinsonism, and su bacute sclerosing panencephalitis (Felician and Sandson 20). The arrangement of NPs is credited to the A ? peptide affidavit; A ?peptide types that just contrast in C-terminal are regular in cerebrovascular and extracellular plaques (Felician and Sandson 19). A ? peptide, made up of 39-43 amino acids, is ordinarily created from APP or amyloid forerunner protein. Also, the arrangement of hydrophobic C-terminal is vital in its solvency and amyloid development rate (Felician and Sandson 19). All things considered, A ? with 40 amino acids, A ? 40, just as A? peptide with 42 and 43 amino acids or A? 42 and A ? 43 individually (Felician and Sandson 19). Notwithstanding, in vitro, the variations of A?42 and A? 43 can without much of a stretch structure insoluble fibrils as contrasted and the A? 40 variation (Felician and Sandson 19). Moreover, the hatching of these A? variations can quickly prompt blend inferring the conceivable amyloid plaque statement through these parts. In accordance w ith this, diffuse plaques have nonfibrillary and A? dissolvable constituents meaning the feeble plaques’ beginning time (Felician and Sandson 19). Moreover, diffuse plaques have A? stores without neuritic degeneration (Felician and Sandson 19).On the other hand, neurofibrillary tangles, involved unusual groups of intraneuronal fibers, are comprised of tau microtubule-related protein with high level of phosphorylation (Felician and Sandson 19). The level of phosphorylation is to a great extent reliant on the enzymatic exercises of kinases that are not yet completely comprehended (Felician and Sandson 19). In any case, the intraneuronal strange fibers orchestrate themselves in either equal or helical packages in perikaryotic cytoplasm that reach the dentritic forms (Felician and Sandson 19).The amyloid forerunner protein, a film glycoprotein, is comprised of 28 A? extracellular buildups and 12 to 15 putative transmembrane deposits (Felician and Sandson 20). It additionally happ ens as 695, 751, and 770-amino corrosive isoform. While the 695-amino corrosive isoform happens predominantly in neurons, 770 and 751-amino corrosive structures are seen on both non-neural and neural cells alongside protease inhibitor spaces (Felician and Sandson 20). Applications are conveyed into the cell layer by secretory vesicles and may experience proteolytic bond breakage through the activity of ?- secretase (Felician and Sandson 20). Subsequently, this cleavage creates ? - APP, a solvent ectodomain and the antecedent for A? peptide creation through cleavage in A? space. As the age of solvent APP seems to be, in vitro, credited with the action of protein kinase C, uncleaved APP is surmised to take the proteolytic pathway (Felician and Sandson 20). Then again, APP intracerllular reusing and the executives are done through endocytotic or endosome-lysosome implies. The endocytotic course causes proteolytic cleavages by methods for ?†and ? - secratases prompting the amalgama tion of A? (Felician and Sandson 20). Besides, A? creation is upgraded by intracellular calcium fixation which indicated the centrality of calcium-rich proteases in A? creation (Felician and Sandson 20). In vivo, APP cleavage happens at N-end at the A? - locale through the activity of ? - secretase and at the C-end by methods for ? - secretase movement (Mohan 1). Additionally, APP can take a pathway encouraged by ? - secretase at the A? - peptide area delivering dissolvable ? - APP (Mohan 1).Ezymes can likewise assault APP without A? - peptide age (Stavljenic-Rukavina, 1). Since the putative ? - secretase, heavily influenced by kinase C, manages the age of dissolvable APP, any specialists that bolsters this digestion may block the A? creation (Felician and Sandson 21). Too, A? affidavit may likewise be diminished by drugs which hinder APP cleavage into ? †and ? - secratases (Felician and Sandson 21). In any case, operators that can hinder A? mixture would diminish its neurotoxi city impacts (Felician and Sandson 21).After the development of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and aggravation directs the passing of neurons (Stavljenic-Rukavina 1). Comparable to this, microglia and astrocytes cells of the mind are vigorously influenced by provocative procedure (Stavljenic-Rukavina 1). In AD patients, astrocytes are amplified and produce prostaglandin which thusly imparts sign to initiate the irritation interceded by arachidonic corrosive (Stavljenic-Rukavina, 1). Then again, microglia produces free radicals which cause neurons’ passing (Stavljenic-Rukavina 1).Meanwhile, cell supplements just as its guideline parts are shipped through the microtubules where basic properties are essentially reliant on tau protein (Stavljenic-Rukavina 1). In AD condition, the tau decreases its ability to tie with microtubules and ties with other tau protein coming about to bunches of helical fibers called as neurofibrillary tangles (Stavljenic-Rukavina 1). Applicati on Duplication is Sufficient to Cause Early Onset Alzheimer’s Dementia with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Studies indicated that A? encoding through APP quality articulation prompts the improvement of Alzheimer-type dementia (Sleegers et.al. 2977). Application hereditary articulation results to raised degrees of A? 42, a 42-amino corrosive result of the proteolytic procedure (Sleegers et. al. 2977). Beside the cleavage of APP into alpha, beta, and gamma secretases, high APP hereditary articulation results to raised degrees of A? 42 and A? affidavit (Sleegers et. al. 2977). In the interim, it has been for quite some time realized that APP level triplication in Down’s disorder patients results to the advancement of Alzheimer type dementia at beginning period; the APP over the top articulation prompts neurodegeneration and A? statement (Sleegers et. al.2977). Comparable to this, it was accounted for that families with cerebral amyloid angiopathy and beginning stage Alzheime r type dementia had APP genomic duplications which inferred that APP over-articulation, without full trisomy 21, has set off the Alzheimer-type dementia (Sleegers et. al. 2977). Likewise, Alzheimer-type dementia patients have raised APP mRNA levels in their cerebrums (Sleegers et. al. 2977). Further, the vari

The Brave New World of Spec Fic Magazines A Primer

The Brave New World of Spec Fic Magazines A Primer Speculative fiction is a vibrant field with a lot of exciting stuff written by genre veterans as well as up and coming writers. When I first tried dipping my toe into the genre, Ive found myself a little intimidated by all the available titles, not to mention the various mediums where this type of fiction is available. SFF magazines in particular can be a little bit daunting. The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America lists 26 magazines that qualify as professional-rated, and that doesnt even consider the scores of semi-pro and non-paying publications. But Im about to hook you up with recommendations for short fiction that are available for free online. Folks who dont enjoy reading using the computer screen can also purchase digital versions (save for one that is completely web-centric) and you can even subscribe digitally or in print form. My advice is to choose one or two publications for browsing, take note of the authors you enjoy, then look up the website to see where else theyve been published. What I tend to do is save the pages using the Pocket app and blaze through them when Im spinning my wheels and I dont feel like reading longer works. Here is my list of tried and true magazines. Many of them focus on certain genres like fantasy, adventure, or horror but in my experience, they dont tend to get too rigid about what is expected of specific categories and have great overall appeal. Tor.com Lets address the giant, unhappy elephant in the room. When I started building this primer early in June, I automatically rounded up some of my favorite short stories published on the Tor website, acquired by keen editors such as Patrick Nielsen Hayden, Ellen Datlow and Anne Vandermeer. I was going to talk about how each story is paired with some of the most arresting artwork in the genre, thanks in large part to the art direction by Irene Gallo. That was before Tor publisher Tom Doherty proceeded to throw Irene Gallo under the bus, succumbing to an extended campaign by so-called Sad Puppies and Rabid Puppies, whose reason for existence is their opposition to the fact that more people of color, LGBTQ+ people, and women are taking up space in the SFF landscape. Rioter Brenna Clark Gray goes more in-depth with this story. This is not the recommendation I had wanted to write. Some who are appalled by these developments are disavowing support for Tor, since it is an institution that would rather appease genre reactionaries than support their own employees who are doing vital work. This is a valid response.  But Tor (both the website and the publishing house) is also home to stories that Irene Gallo and other people like her are working hard to champion, the very voices that the Puppy Industrial Complex are saying should not be recognized by the Hugos or the Nebulas. It is your prerogative to not give Tor any of your money or your clicks, but I urge you to take note of these names, all of whom I first encountered through this publication: The Water That Falls on You from Nowhere by John Chu At turns poignant, hilarious, and heartbreaking, this is a specimen of mundane speculative fiction written by one of the most acute feelings writers in the genre. Anyway: Angie by Daniel José Older A story dripping with attitude, swagger, and some gore, told through the eyes of a bodyguard trying to bury a broken heart in her work. Except that her work involves old loves and supernatural roaches. Thirteen Steps in the Underworld by Su-Yee Lin Im a sucker for a good old Orpheus in the underworld reimagining, and Lin uses a novel format here that highlights the emotional heft of the story. The Devil in America by Kai Ashante Wilson If youre going to try a single story from this recommendation post, make it this one. A harrowing horror story for more reasons than the supernatural ones, centered around an African-American family a few years after the Civil War. Clarkesworld Ive probably read more stories from Clarkesworld than from any other SFF publication. Part of it is because they used to only publish two short stories a month, making it easy to keep up. But even now that theyve expanded to accommodate four stories and several essays, they are still the one magazine that Ill consistently look at. Something about the publications aesthetic really appeals to me in a way thats hard to articulate. Explicit stories are contrasted with whimsical and broody ones, showing you the breadth of possibilities in speculative fiction. A Buyers Guide to Maps of Antarctica by Catherynne M. Valente This is probably in the top five of my favorite short stories of all time. Who wouldve thought an auctioneers catalog could be so riveting? From the Lost Diary of TreeFrog7 by Nnedi Okorafor This story has echoes of the movie Alien, told in a series of journal transcripts. I highly encourage you to try the audio recordings for this one, it adds a lot of tension and depth to the story. Tying Knots by Ken Liu A great (and slightly infuriating) piece of near future science fiction about the things we value and take from people in the margins. 86, 87, 88, 89 by Genevieve Valentine What starts out as a cleanup and archiving effort turns into a disquieting look at how a society can be complicit in its own subjugation. Apex Magazine Blessed Are the Hungry by Victor Fernando R. Ocampo A story about a highly stratified society contained in a starship on its way to a new galaxy. The Rapid Advance of Sorrow by Theodora Goss The Snow Queen retold through the lens of a city succumbing to totalitarianism. Body Language by Mary Robinette Kowal A delightful futuristic crime story involving a puppeteer who inadvertently gets involved in a kidnapping investigation. Strange Horizons Difference of Opinion by Meda Kahn A wrenching SF story positing that even love may not be enough to truly connect. Selkie Stories Are For Losers by Sofia Samatar I find selkie stories creepy yet compelling, and Samatar does a great job dissecting this folk tales implication when it comes to womens agency. LAquilone du Estrellas (Kite of Stars) by Dean Francis Alfar A straight up fantastical story about working for love and the endpoint of journeys. This is the first story that first prompted me to look at short stories published online, and Ive never looked back. Beneath Ceaseless Skies Master Hadjs Sunset Ride by Saladin Ahmed A Western with a tremendous first-person voice, about Muslim bounty hunters encountering the undead. We Were Once of the Sky by Yoseff Lindell Alternate history depicting a society where aliens are living with the human population during the reign of the Black Plague. No Sweeter Art by Tony Pi This is a rollicking adventure story about a wizard that works primarily through the medium of candy. Yup. Lightspeed (Lightspeeds most recent issue is titled Queers Destroy Science Fiction! and if that doesnt make you want to read it, I dont know what to tell you.) ???? (Influence Isolated, Make Peace) by John Chu Another amazing story from John Chu, this time about supersoldiers, game theory, and Go. The Knight of Chain, the Deuce of Stars by Yoon Ha Lee I obviously have a thing for games in a science fiction setting. This one is told with a backdrop of galactic conflict barely explained, told in poetic, achingly abstract language. Herd Immunity by Tananarive Due Just when you think the subgenre of plague apocalypses has nothing more to offer, you get this great story about a woman you cant help but root for. Nightmare Magazine Have You Heard the One About Anamaria Marquez? by Isabel Yap I studied at an all-girls Catholic school in the Philippines, and believe me when I say that Isabel Yap has the setting and the urban legends down pat. Happily there were less hauntings in my high school experience. Ishq by Usman T. Malik Though primarily a horror publication, I really appreciate how Nightmare Mag consistently chooses stories that have stark human emotions at the center of them. This is a prime example. Raphael by Stephen Graham Jones This story has shade of Stephen Kings IT, about a group of friends and the single thoughtless act that devastates them and their families. Sign up to Swords Spaceships to  receive news and recommendations from the world of science fiction and fantasy.

Context And Importance Of School Bullying - 899 Words

I. Context and Importance of the Problem School bullying has become a serious problem in the United States (Henry et al. 2013). According to National Center for Education Statistics (2013), in 2011, 28% of students in 6-12 grades reported being bullied at schools. In addition, Bradshaw, Sawyer and O’Brennan (2007) found that 70.6% students saw the occurrence of bullying in the previous month. Sylaj (2014) further mentioned that around 200 million students are being bullied at schools. In additional, with the development of technology, cyberbullying, which referred to as bullying someone else through the Internet or other digital devices, include cell phones, has taking place in children’s life (Henry et al. 2014). Litwiller and Brausch’ study (2013) suggested that 23% of youths said that they have been bullied digital techniques. Notably, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) students are facing higher risks of bullying compared to their heterosexual peer s (Goldberg, n.d.). Compared to their heterosexual peers, homosexual youths are more likely to have problems on emotional and behavioral, and report with significantly higher rates of depression and externalizing behaviors (Williams, Connolly, Pepler Craig, 2005). Considering the huge amount of students who are suffering verbal and physical violation from others are a member of a family, the statistic indicated a relatively large number of families are living under the influences of school bullying.Show MoreRelatedBullying Is A Common Problem Among Children And Adolescents996 Words   |  4 PagesBullying is a common problem among children and adolescents (Wang, Nansel, Lannotti, 2011). Bullying takes different forms include physical (hitting), verbal (name-calling), and rational (social isolation) which are typically known as traditional bullying or cyber bullying which occurs on the internet (Wang, Nansel, Lannotti, 2011). The purpose of the paper is to examine the situations and contexts that promote cyber and traditional bullying by reviewing studies that suggest (1) increased technologyRead MoreThe Aggressive Behavior Of Male Students851 Words   |  4 PagesDan Olweus (1978) spearheaded academic discourse on bullying. Olweus approached bullying as a theoretical tool to understand the aggressive behaviour of male students. The research the pioneered Olweus’ model of school bullying focused on understanding individual behaviour in light of aggressive personality. Research informed by this early model of school bullying works on the premise that bullying is an expression of individual aggression (Hawley Williford, 2014). The behaviour manifests in responseRead MoreBullying And The Cyber Bullying Essay1010 Words   |  5 PagesIDENTIFICATION PROBLEM STATEMENT BACKGROUND Cyber bullying refers to something when one uses their cell phone, computers or an electronic device to access internet and technology for the purpose of harassment and providing harms to others. Sending inappropriate messages, uploading disturbing images, threatening and posting something without someone’s’ approval are the forms of cyber bullying. The main aim of this research study is to look after the cyber bullying and the possible reasons of occurrence inRead MoreThe Physical Appearance Of Victims Of Teen Bullying850 Words   |  4 PagesVictims Adolescents who are victims of bullying are usually shy, with low self-esteem, low self-confidence, little to no friends, lack proper social skills, less assertive, and often depressed (Merrell, Gueldner, Ross, Isava, 2008, p. 26). The physical appearance of victims of teen bullying can vary; some adolescents have a frail (skinny) figure, which makes it easier for teens of a larger size to dominate them. On the other hand, some victims can be overweight, which provokes bullies to verballyRead MorePersuasive Essay On Cyber Bullying1623 Words   |  7 PagesThe Real Issue Bullying is no longer the big guy making a third grader give him his lunch money. In order to fully comprehend the word cyberbullying, one must understand that the definition goes into more depth than saying, kids are being mean to one another behind a phone/computer screen. With how rapidly our world is evolving, cyberbullying will not simply go away. Since being bullied online follows victims home, they have nowhere to feel safe anymore, and that can lead to obtaining mental,Read MoreExposure to Gender Based Violence and Its Influence on Bullying Behavior919 Words   |  4 Pagesviolence and its influences on bullying behavior at Belmopan Comprehensive High School. This study will not identify a student by name that displays: ïÆ'Ëœ The highest level of exposure on Gender Based violence at home or school. ïÆ'Ëœ The effects of the exposure to violence at home. ïÆ'Ëœ The student’s collaborative academic work performance in his or her classroom. Also, this study will not reveal the methods used by administration and staff at Belmopan Comprehensive High School to punish the student. NorRead MoreMulticultural Literacy And Bullying Is Through Education849 Words   |  4 PagesEducators can be instrumental teachers of multiculturalism to fight discrimination and bullying is through education. Through classroom libraries, teachers can provide a wide variety of multicultural books. Elementary classroom libraries are an essential tool to assist in building cultural awareness and acceptance of diverse family units, races, creeds, learning abilities; therefore bullying will decrease and greater understanding among students will develop. Multicultural classroom libraries willRead MoreWho is the Bully, the Bullied, and the Bystander? Essay529 Words   |  3 Pagesthe child is playing in a particular scene (p. 4). Moreover she describes the all too common scenes or patterns that occur in bullying situation and how each â€Å"characte r† develops or responds (pp.5-8). Chapter Two then strictly focuses on the bully. She defines bullying including four critical elements (pp. 12-13), distinguishes between verbal, physical, and relational bullying (pp. 13-17), and discusses seven different types of bullies (pp. 17-19). Furthermore, she delves into bullyings roots in contemptRead MoreTechnology Is Harmful1545 Words   |  7 PagesAmanda Ish Mrs. Mikush English 10 01/9/2012 Too Much Technology Technology has taken a huge toll of importance in the lives of people now-a-days. However, a question arises. Is all of the technology that is being brought into our lives really more helpful or harmful? I feel that people are building too much of a dependence on technology and that it is harming society more than it is helping it. There are many negative effects of computer technology in our lives and what the dangers of havingRead MoreAnti-Bullying Laws and the Just Cause Essay1010 Words   |  5 PagesThere are plenty of aspects when looking at anti-bullying laws and pieces of legislations that have been enacted around the world. There are currently some states in the United States that have laws against bullying. There are supporters and campaigns being launched every day to bring a stop to bullying in schools. There are many aspects that are involved when trying to enact a law into a state. The essential purpose of the law, the reason why it is being enacted. If the bill is passed, who will

Fate and Free Will in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart...

Fate and Free Will in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart The tragic story of Okonkwo in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart offers many examples of Igbo beliefs regarding free will and fate. Religious life for the Igbo was thoroughly intertwined with secular life. According to the text, the Igbo believed in fate; that nothing happened by chance as every happenstance was the result of Chukwu or Gods will. Yet the Igbo also believed that ancestors, lesser gods, and their own chi or personal god also influenced the lives of the living. Thus, if an individual lived in harmony with his ancestors, lesser gods and ultimately Chukwu, that individual would be blessed with good fortune, health and an abundance of children. If,†¦show more content†¦What part of their decimation was the result of spiritual and secular disharmony among the Igbo, and what part was the result of fate? Okonkwos own struggle with free will and fate may symbolize this question. Okonkwo is initially introduced as a proud, hardworking, successful warrior. He is described as clearly cut out for great things (6). But he is the son of a neer-do-well father; though genial and inoffensive, Unoka must certainly have been considered a failure. He is lazy and does not provide for his family. Not only is this disgraceful, but life-threatening as well. He is dependent on other members of the clan and must have been considered unsuccessful. Okonkwo chafes under such disgrace and his success is a consequence of his desire to be everything his father is not; societys vision of an exemplar citizen. The fact that Okonkwo is able to rise above his poverty and disgraceful paternity illustrates the Igbos acceptance of individual free will. But Okonkwos fate and his disharmony with his chi, family and clan are shown to cause his ultimate disgrace and death. Okonkwos early success is recognized as the result of hard work, That was not luck. At the most one could say that his chi or personal god was good (19). But Okonkwo goes too far. He is harsh and unkind to his family and less successful clansmen, thus undermining his self-made fortune.Show MoreRelated Existentialism in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart Essay1635 Words   |  7 PagesExistentialism in Things Fall Apart      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chinua Achebe presents his audience with an interesting twist to a contemporary school of thought in his work Things Fall Apart.   This post-colonization narrative incorporates several traits that revolt against normative philosophic systems and tralititious theories and beliefs of the existence of man and his place in the universe.   Achebes efforts are characterized by a small diverse group of writers that purge realizations of predestinationRead More Okonkwos Tragic Flaws in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart Essay3094 Words   |  13 Pagesironically leads to their personal misfortune. Throughout literary history, particularly within Grecian writings and apparently still evident in todays international pieces, there exists continuity within the human fear of failure. Chinua Achebes novel, Things Fall Apart, details a remote native African society, the Igbo people, and their struggle with Anglican colonization at the turn of the century. The main character Okonkwo is forced to deal with change and transition and bears similarities essentialRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1388 Words   |  6 Pageselse from the other side of the globe. With this paper, the similarities and differences of globalization and colonization will be explored. The Nigerian Igbo’s way of living and culture, and its transformation was the center of Chinua Achebe’s novel Things Fall Apart. Through Okonkwo and his village’s situations, and the changes they had to face, Achebe shows us the Igbo’s social, political, and economical customs. There are many different perceptions and understandings concerning culture. DuringRead MoreThings Fall Apart Analysis1671 Words   |  7 PagesObjective: In this paper I will discuss the text Things Fall Apart while analyzing the characters, events, and the historical relevance of the story. Also, I will summarize the story while expanding on the major themes of the book. Chinua Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, is a tragic story about the rise and fall of Okonkwo. The story takes place in Umuofia, a cluster of villages in Niger during the 1890’s. the Umuofians are known for being a notorious war clan with many members, advanced socialRead MoreArrow of God - Paper7783 Words   |  32 PagesAfrika Focus, Vol. 5, Nr. 3-4, 1989, pp. 153-165 CONFLICT AND ITS MANIFESTATIONS IN ACHEBES ARROW OF GOD Owen G. MORDAUNT English Department University of Nebraska at Omaha Omaga, Nebraska 68182-0175 USA SUMMARY Mordaunt describes how the Nigerian author Chinua Achebe deals with the problem ofpersonal conflict in his novel Arrow of God. The main character in this novel is Ezeulu, who is chiefpriest of the god Ulu, of the village of Umuaro. Ezeulu comes into conflict with himself in a questRead More Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart - The Downfall of the Ibo Essay2442 Words   |  10 PagesOne of Chinua Achebe’s goals in Things Fall Apart is to portray Ibo culture vividly and honestly. Unlike European perspectives of the Africans – such as Conrad’s Heart of Darkness – Achebe’s representation explains intricate customs, rituals, and laws and develops individual characters. Things Fall Apart shows Ibo society to be fully functioning and full of life. 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Ludwig Van Beethoven and Mozart Free Essays

Nicole Caillaux April 7, 2011 Music Appreciation Prof. Caballero One of the most musically talented, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart began at a very young age and passed at a young age. Mozart was incredibly talented; his music is still heard and played around the world today. We will write a custom essay sample on Ludwig Van Beethoven and Mozart or any similar topic only for you Order Now Amadeus a movie portrayed on Mozart’s life through the eyes of a jealous rival Antonio Salieri has some facts as well as fiction to it. Amadeus was a very commendable movie portraying Mozart’s life. Though it had many facts there are some fiction moments in the movie. Amadeus depicted the relationship between Mozart and Salieri as a jealous rivalry, when actually they were quite friendly and both appreciated the others work. In the movie Salieri is much older than Mozart when actually Mozart was older than Salieri. The movie begins with Salieri accusing himself of murdering Mozart and is taken to a mental institution. The actual cause of Mozart’s death was an illness not that he was poisoned by Salieri. Mozart had six children, but only two made it into adulthood. In the movie Amadeus Mozart only had one child. When Mozart passed away his wife Constanze was not present at his funeral because she too was ill, although in the movie she was present with their son. Peter Shaffer the writer of Amadeus did an excellent job in illustrating Mozart’s life; the movie was full of drama and envy. Mozart was an extraordinary musician who will never be forgotten. Mozart wrote many admirable pieces, I have chosen Symphony No. 25 and Piano Concerto No. 21. Symphony No. 5 the first movement has a light tempo, while still at times sounding dark. The piece as a whole gives off a very stormy and full feeling. The dynamics range throughout from loud to soft and back to loud. Overall the piece is allegro with only the second movement being andante. As for the Piano Concerto No. 21 it begins quietly with a march then the tempo begins to brighten and a lyrical melody commences after, the soloist begins to play briefly, at that moment the orchestra joins again. The piece as a whole is allegro, with the second movement being andante like symphony No. 25. Symphony No. 25 and Piano Concerto No. 21 are very different, while one sounds dark and stormy the other is brighter and cheery. Although both are very famous pieces, Symphony No. 25 was featured in the opening of Amadeus; both pieces show Mozart’s talent and flamboyant attitude. He is a true genius. How to cite Ludwig Van Beethoven and Mozart, Papers

Elements of Law of Contract

Question: Discuss about the Elements of Law of Contract. Answer: Introduction: Individuals who are employed as police officers do not cease to have the power and authority conferred upon them by virtue of the employment, they carry their police powers within their respective jurisdiction 24 hours a day, irrespective of the fact that they are on duty or not.Sometimes these police officials are hired to exercise their powers off duty, when private firms contract with them to provide security services at particular instances. The contracting with police officials is desirable as they carry their training and powers along with them wherever they go. For providing these services the entity which hires them for providing special services which ado not form part of public duty, is liable to pay charges for the services rendered by them. House of Lords by majority of 3 to 2while determining the question whether the police officers are entitled for extra pay for rendering special services, held that there was nothing illegal in the agreement between the parties to the suit in seeking recovery of 2200 by superintendent of police for providing mobile force in order to efficiently secure the colliery, nor was the agreement void for want of consideration. It was affirmed that it is the fundamental obligation of the police to maintain law and order for which they are paid through general taxation. Viscount Cave L.C. held that the police officers were under unconditional obligation to maintain law and order, and the public pays for the same through taxation and it cannot be called upon to make extra payment for the public services rendered by the police. But in circumstances wherein the services are rendered upon the request and with the view to meeting the wishes of the person asking for the same apart from those which the y deem fit at that instance, then the services are entitled to be treated as special services and the police officers have a right to charge for the same, irrespective of the fact that there existed a contact or not. The promise to pay would be implied under those circumstances. In the present matter at hand the Vice Chancellor had requested for wants two police officers on duty on the dance floor and a stationary police van at the campus and for the same Sergeant Ratty had advised that an extra cost would have to be paid. The services provided by the police officers was a special services distinct from that of the ordinary obligation for maintain law and order, restricting crime. By accepting the services of the police the university has impliedly consented to the payment of extra cost for the special services rendered by the police officers. The principle laid down in the judgment of Glasbrook Brothers Limited. Vs. Glamorgan County Council would be applicable to the case at hand. Hence the university is liable to pay the amount of $5000 as mentioned in the invoice. Has a legally binding contract been made between Mr. Dowell and Dodgy Accounts Associates? Contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties.The English common law provides for existence of three essentials elements, which give rise to obligations enforceable and recognized by law. The three basic essentials are existence of an agreement, intention to enter into legally binding relationship and consideration. The standard and traditional approach to contract law states that all contracts require there to be an offer and an acceptance. Offer and acceptance form part of an agreement.Offer is a specific proposal made by offeror to offeree, either to give or to perform something, with an intention to be binding if accepted by the person to whom it is addressed. Offer is said to be communicated when it reaches the offeree. An acceptance is an unequivocal statement made by the offeree to accept the offer. An offer must be communicated to the offeree, otherwise it would be impossible for him to accept it.Acceptance of the offer should be absolute and without qualifications, and the acceptance should be with regard to the offer made. An offer accepted with conditions other than those set out in the offer, is not a valid acceptance and gives rise to a counter offer (request for further information does not amount to counter offer) which can either be accepted or rejected by the offeror, and at the same time the original offer lapses which can be restored only at the consent of the parties. An acceptance must be communicated to the offeror. Acceptance is made when it is dispatched to the offeror, and at the time when the acceptance is dispatched contract comes into existence. The parties to the contract must agree upon the terms of the contract in the same sense.An offer when accepted becomes a promise. Another essential of contract is the intention of the parties to enter into a legally binding relationship.A contract does not come into existence until the parties intend to be bound by the terms of the contract. The third essential of a contract is consideration. Sir Frederick Pollock defined consideration as an act of forbearance of one party or the promise there of, is the price for which the promise of the other is brought and the promise thus given for value is enforceable. Consideration is required to form simple contracts. Consideration must be sufficient, lawful, and definite but it need not to be adequate and should not be illusionary. The essence of contracts being enforceable is that, they induce reasonable expectations. If the promisor promises to perform then it gives a hope to the promisee that it would be performed and in case of breach it causes a sense of deprivation. In the legal parlance this deprivation is compensated by payment of damages on the basis of psychological and monetary losses. The legally binding character of the contract gives an opportunity to the promisee to seek remedy in case of breach of contract, wherein a contractual relationship exists between the parties. In the present matter at hand Mr. Welwisha had send the information to Mr. Dowell by telegraph stating that the management committee has decided to appointed him as the senior accountant of the firm. In the light of the above mentioned essential ingredients to constitute a contractual relationship between two or more persons an offer should be made by the offeror to the offeree and acceptance should be made in correspondence to that offer, but Mr. Welwisha did not make an offer to Mr. Dowell to be appointed as the senior accountant, there was mere communication of the information, and Mr. Dowell sent his acceptance in correspondence to the telegraph which disclosed the said information and not with respect to the offer which was not received by him. There was no express or implied intention on the part of Mr. Welwisha to enter into a legally binding relationship. Therefore it is pertinent to note that as the essentials of the contract have not been fulfilled in the instant case, henc e no contractual relationship between Mr. Welwisha and Mr. Dowell. Herein no contractual relationship exists between the parties, so the doctrine of reasonable expectation would not be applicable. References Australian contract law, Agreement, https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/law/formation-agreement.html Catharine MacMillan and Richard Stone, Elements of the law of contract, (University of London,2012)13-52 Dena Valente, Enforcing Promises: consideration and Intention in the Law of Contract (Bachelor of Laws (Honours) Dissertation, University of Otago, 2010) Geoff Monahan, Essential contract law, (Cavendish Publishing (Australia) Pty Limited, 2001)5-21 Glasbrook Brothers Limited. Vs. Glamorgan County Council [1925] AC 270 Networked Knowledge, Contract law lecture-Formation of contract-offer and acceptance, https://netk.net.au/Contract/02Formation.asp Quora, When local police / sheriffs are hired as security for a private organization are they still legally police officers or are they security guards?, https://www.quora.com/When-local-police-sheriffs-are-hired-as-security-for-a-private-organization-are-they-still-legally-police-officers-or-are-they-security-guards Reading, Common law elements of contarct, https://sielearning.tafensw.edu.au/MBA/19194J/commerc_law/lo/u5_t2_commonlaw/u5_t2_commonlaw_02.htm Practical Law, Contract, https://uk.practicallaw.com/books/9781845921620/chapter04#SLASG-ch04-UID5 ThinkProgress, The incredible powers of off duty cops, https://thinkprogress.org/the-incredible-power-of-off-duty-cops-d0d3435aba3f#.c6hbo1mdg

7 Tips to Making the Most of Your 30sÂÂ

7 Tips to Making the Most of Your 30s   Your 20s were about playing hard- finding yourself and taking risks and discovering your path. Your 30s are about hard work and laying down foundations. But it’s easy to get swept up with work, relationships, and family life and forget the most important things. Here are a few tips to help you fend off a case of the regrets.1. Stay on MessageSuccess isn’t just measured in money and accumulated stuff. And choosing a career that seems safe and lucrative now can lead to feelings of meaninglessness later. You’ve spent your 20s figuring out who you are. Now spend your 30s developing your purpose, and make following that purpose your number one obsession. It will get you out of the rat race and onto your own course, with your own personal finish line to sprint towards.2. Set Yourself UpBig spender? The bad habits you picked up in your 20s are carrying over- maybe even getting worse now that you’re making a bit more money. Rather than spending all of your surplus income on luxuries and treats, remember that every dollar you save now can grow and actually earn you more security later on.3. Make MemoriesJust because these are your primo working years doesn’t mean you should be working all the time. Make sure you carve out space in your schedule for maintaining important relationships with your family and friends. Keeping loved ones close can be very fulfilling and can even make you more productive.4. Pay Back Your ParentsDon’t take your biggest fans for granted. In building a life for yourself, it’s easy to lose track of time. Don’t forget, however, that your parents aren’t getting any younger, and they won’t be around forever. Make sure you carve out a bit of time to spend with them.5. Stay HealthyYou can’t get away with the bad habits or the junk food of your 20s anymore. Exercise, eat right, limit stress, and keep control of your vices. Set yourself up for success- and have the energy to enj oy it!6. Don’t Wait Until You’re ReadyThere’s never a perfect time to start a family, and no one is ever totally prepared. Don’t wait until you feel perfectly ready to have a child, or you’ll be waiting forever and one day it will be too late.7. Have FunDon’t spend the early part of your adulthood working too much and chasing money. Life is meant to be shared and enjoyed. Go on dates with your partner, start a family, go on trips, spend time with your friends. You might have all the money in the world, but it won’t be worth a thing if you are too miserable to enjoy it.The 7 Biggest Career and Life Mistakes You Can Make in Your 30s

Mother and Ella Essays

Mother and Ella Essays Mother and Ella Essays Not a Day â€Å"Mommy and daddy, I love you. I don’t think I can last more than a day without you†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Stars lit the night sky like glistening diamonds woven onto a cloak of black. The shrill cries of ravens dissolved in the distance as the northern wind softly hushed and then withdrew. The small town of Hindenburg was silent and not a breath escaped the petite dwellings. The scent of medicine filled a petite hospital’s ward, as a blood pressure monitor slowly fluctuated. â€Å"The eye transplant is complete and her vitals are stable. She may be able to go home by the end of the week if her current conditions do not change,† the nurse reassured as she covered young Ella in freshly laundered blankets. â€Å"Those eyes, they remind me so much of†¦Ã¢â‚¬  her grandmother began. She cupped Ella’s small hands into her own, and a warm tear slid down her aging face. The excruciating death of Ella’s parents left her sightless and torn. Her family had been on an expedition to Africa’s largest safari. As an enfant, she loved jungles for the surprises that lied beyond the strangled vines. She loved how the animals cared for one another in the wild and how each one of them died in bliss. Then there was the moment that changed Ella’s life forever. It haunted her thoughts in flashbacks and it was always the same. Acute rays of a headlight coming closer, a terrifying moment of freefall, and then the shrill cry of her mother who fell upon the lifeless body of her father. It lasted for only a second, but it changed her life forever. The young girl’s silver grey eyes resembling clear pools of agony slowly hid behind her heavy eye-lids. Beneath the glassy windows of the ward were miniature figures of sheep that were carefully inked. One, two, three, four, five†¦ one after the other they appeared. Her marble hands gripped the ends of her sheets and she waited for it to happen. And then it did. - She was swinging from branch to branch wearing torn leopard skin and garlands of fresh wildflowers. Colourful toucans crossed the skies and fluttered to create a whirlwind of exotic shades. Below, a stampede of large-footed rhinos shook the vines that held the land together. Chimpanzees shook glances and welcomed Ella openheartedly with their outstretched, hairy arms. In sheer elation, they skipped deeper into the wild like Tarzan’s children. Ella’s smile broadened; she was where she loved to be. It was a miraculous sight. The damp air was suddenly replaced with a cool mist, and Ella heard a thunder echo just miles away. It was monstrous and real. The canopies of the trees immediately gave way and huddled together. They were responding to her fear as if they could sense her agony. Then there was a flash, and everything was dark. Pitch black with not a single ray of light

Art and the Church and the national parks are practically the same Term Paper

Art and the Church and the national parks are practically the same thing. You're defended because you're ineffectual - Term Paper Example One of the artists who have created very effective art in recent times is Giuseppe (2012) Pellicano. Giuseppe work is quite the opposite of the ineffective artist as described by Connor (2006), and his artistic work does not need to be defended. As a conceptual artists Giuseppe has been able to attract the attention of the masses to issues that are critical to the society. One of Giuseppe (2012)’s artwork the The Left.Left. Rigtht. Left. Porcelain has been able to attain critical acclaim for the artiste and cannot be said to be ineffectual as Connor (2006) claims. Under a concept similar to Eleanor Antin’s 100 boots concept, Giuseppe (2006) developed the Left. Left. Left, right, left exhibition to remember the American soldiers who lost their lives in the Iraq war. The Left.Left. Rigth. Left Installation According to Giuseppe (2012), the title emanates from a cadence call in the military used in ordering soldiers into marching formations. This call is made by the leadin g soldiers then the others repeat behind him in unison. The title was symbolic as it echoes with the Camaraderie and unity among the soldiers who fought in Operation Iraq freedom , Operation New Dawn and Operation Enduring Freedom. The artwork was created by using porcelain moulded into the shape of military boots. Initially, Giuseppe (2012) set out to mould a boot for every soldier who had lost their life in the three operations. The combat boot had five parts that made up the various side of a boot. The boot was made by bandying the five parts of the boot together and the pouring the mixed Porcelain into the mould. The mould was then allowed to shape for three hours before the mould was unfastened to release the boot that looks like the real life boot. The porcelain was allowed to dry further before removing the seams at the junction of the moulds. The surface is then thoroughly smoothed and cleansed to improve its aesthetic appeal. Before, taking the boots to the kiln, a hole was made in the tongue of the boots and Dog tags were fastened through the hole in the tongue. According to the creator, Porcelain was chosen as the material to be creating the boots as its the best among clay bodies and would represent the absolute respect the creator wished to show the soldiers. Porcelain remains white even after firing a colour the creator felt represents stillness and silence used to pay the last respect to a fallen soldier. According to Giuseppe (2012) the same material and slip casting was chosen for making the boots to make sure their represent the view that humans are all equal. According to Giuseppe (2012) the similarities in design would mirror the fact that each soldier was made of blood and flesh, regardless of religion, sex or race. The need to create boots from the same cast explains why the creator was unable to mould more than a 100 boots, as the cast has a short lifespan that can only create a limited number of boots. The idea to fasten dog tags on the boots was taken from another artwork also used to commemorate the lives of fallen soldier in a previous war. This artwork is named Above and Beyond and is displayed at the National Vietnam Veterans Art Museum. It is 10-by-40- foot sculpture and is fastened with soldiers name bearing the names of every soldier who fell in the Vietnam War. Similarly, Giuseppe (2012) used dog tags bearing the name, date of death and the

UNIT 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

UNIT 6 - Essay Example Peterson had a right of being informed of the plans to transfer his employment contract and the ownership of the station in advance. Peterson had a right to resign if he did not intend to extend his contract to Evening news but he will not have any right to claim for redundancy or unfair dismissal pay. If the working conditions in the new employer are worse, Peterson has a right to resign and claim for unfair dismissal pay. Peterson has a right to disagree with the transfer of his employment contract to a new employer. This is when the new employer wants to change the term of the contract, which had been agreed by Peterson and the previous employer. If the employers want to change the terms of contract for the benefit of Peterson, it will be allowed. If the new employer wants to dismiss or make any redundancy for technical or an economic reason, Peterson has a right to redundancy payment. The employer should not select Peterson for redundancy because he transferred from another compa ny. (Beatty & Samuelson, 2007) Peterson has a right to enforce the contract between Post-Network and evening News because he was not considered in the transfer of the Station to Evening News yet he had signed a binding agreement with Post-Network as an employer for three years. It is not ethical for Evening News to prevent Peterson from changing job to work for the competing station because Peterson had informed them early of his plan to resign. In addition, Peterson had not entered into any contract with Evening News, as the contract was not changed during the transfer of the station. The previous employer of the transfer did not inform Peterson. Post-Network had a right to transfer the station but should have informed Peterson through a letter in advance that the station is transferred such that Peterson can decide whether to work for the new employer or not. Collateral contract is whereby parties to a contract enter in to more than two

Introduction To External Migration And Internal Migration Marketing Essay

Introduction To External Migration And Internal Migration Marketing Essay Migration is the movement of people across a specified boundary for the purpose of establishing a new or semi-permanent residence. Migration included external migration and internal migration (Indepth Network, 2008). And this article would talk about the international migration (external migration), it means people migrate across the land and sea from different nations. There are some advantages of migration. First, people can enjoy a better living environment and a democratic, progressive and safety society which cannot get in their original country. Safety is the very important for persons to consider migration. Especially for people whose original countries are suffering a native disaster or social instability, like economy problem and progressive problem. At this time, they would like restart doing everything rather than stay in danger. Migration is the best choice to them (Tonita, 2010). Secondly, offer children an advanced education. Except that, for the rich Chinese immigrates, they would feel more safety, their money also would be taken care. Second, for some businessmen, migration offers a chance to develop their business. And live in other country, they can experience a cultural diversity and expand their living experiences, which would be easy for them to communication with others in business. There could be some possible drawbacks to immigrants. First, for most of countries, it reduces the skill people, like doctor, lawyer and accountant. And it leads to an environment where develop knowledge and resource is lost to another country. Secondly, if they do not have skill which country economy needs, it would be so hard for them to find or look for a job. And because of the high unemployment and less friend would create a very crime rate. Next, for kids migrate with their parentsat the early time. They are no longer acquiringtheir native language and custom (Attachment across culture, 2010).Moreover, sometimes during the process of migration, separation family members occurred immediately. Sometimes members migrate first, and others follow a few months or years later. That cause a lot of parents and children are separated in different countries (Attachment across culture, 2010). At this time, migration is not a good thing for them, they may lose their relationship, even worse, and immigration would destroy peoples life. Next, language is a biggest problem for them. Not all the people can migrate to countries which speak the same language with their hometown. So when they move to the country, they must overcome the language problem first. After migration, they will always experience some culture shock. By living, sometimes, they have to restart learning all the things. Like, language and skills, even they are not willing to. With Australia as an example, when people migrate to Australia, they must learn English that can ensure they can work and live well. Last, with so many immigrants move to the big city, it is so difficult to balance between males and females of the city population. Also cause the problems for the city, the city has to extensive housing programs and expand its water, electricity and communication facilities to meet all peoples needs (Arce and Alvarez, 2010). In my view, I disagree that people would abandon and corrupted the traditional valuesafter migration. This is because when we move to another place, we must adapt to the culture of the host country. This process of adapting is known as acculturation.Acculturation is the process of adjusting to the host culture by adopting its values, symbols and/or behaviour (Dwyer, 1999, p.25). Acculturation does not mean people will abandon their own traditional culture but they accept each others culture. For example, most Chinese move to USA, they usually would adapt to the new environment to meet the needs of studying, working and living. But that does not present they forget their traditional values. We still can see a lot of Chinatown around the world in different big cities. Chinatown is the place for most Chineseliving  together, and at that place, they open a lot of Chinese style shops.  In the Chinatowns of all over the world, we do not only see the Chinese. We see tourists and also the local people live, eat and shop there. This promotes cultural relativism. Cultural relativism is the recognition of cultural differences and acceptance that each social group has its own set of cultural norm(Dwyer, 1999, p. 26). The people who come to Chinatown accept the Chinese culture and they are fine with it.   Like, Chinese restaurant.   That is one of the ways for them to keep  the traditional things. Besides, they also celebrate the Chinese Traditional Days to develop their original culture. Like, Chinese New Year, Mid-Autumn Festival. And for Chinese people, wherever they are, Spring Festival is the biggest event, so, it is being celebrated all over the world in different way. And it is very good to see the Chinese culture on display. In Singapore, most of Singaporean is Chinese; they celebrate the Chinese New Year by a series of activities. For instance, lion dance. Chinese food is also very famous in the world. No matter where Chinese are; most of them develop the Chinese restaurant. And it is a very good opportunity to show world the Chinese culture with Chinese food. Besides for many businessman, the growing international business acquired them to work overseas as part of their career. And the key of their career success depends on the communication skill in an intercultural environment (Himstreet and Baty, 1987). In conclusion, people would not lose their traditional and core values after migration; they still can develop their culture and spread to the world. However, immigrants also need to learn new things to make sure get involved to the local and climb social ladder. Reference List Arce,W., and Alvarez, G.(1983), Population Change in Southeast Asia, Insitute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore. Dwyer, J. (1999), Communication in Business: strategies and skills, Prentice Hall Australia Pty Ltd, Australia by Star Printery, Erskineville, NSW. Himstreet, W C., and Baty, W M. (1987), Business Communications, 8thedn, PWS-Kent Publishing Company, United States of America. Indepth Network (2008), Migration definition, viewed on 26 August 2010, . N.D, Impact of Migration,viewed on 26 August 2010, . Tonita, H. (2010), why do people immigrate to other countries?viewed on 26 August 2010, . Essay 2: Social network refer to a Web platform where people can build relationship with others who share the same interest, ideals, thoughts, activities and information (Powell, 2009; Safko and Brake, 2009). It offers a new way to communicate. The internet and online networking have come along way. Today, Internet is filled with millions of individuals who are looking to meet other people to gather and share first-hand information and experiences (Information Organizations in Asia and Oceania, 2010). Social networking websites like an online community of Internet users. And Facebook, Twitter and MySpace are the most popular and influence online social network system. These tools sometimes include more than 500 million registered users that host more than millions of photographs, such as Facebook (Facebook, 2010). And they aimed to help people to connect and socialize with one another. Whether you are from a small organisation or a multinational corporation, social network are changing the way we do business. Anyone can join in it for free. Besides, it can create a lot of new business opportunity in producing, distributing, communication. Thus, social networking is becoming most important strategy to develop your business. The reasons why companies spend a lot in social networking, because rely on the social network sites, like Facebook and Twitter are the ways to reach their customers and help them build the public relationship. But for different size company, they may use different kind of social networking. For large company, like Dell and Starbucks, they can spend millions of dollars, even setting a department to take care of their social networking. But for a small or poor company, they also can use free social networking sites, like, Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. With Facebook as an example, businesses on Facebook may connect with members in a number of ways : Online Adverting, Facebook Connect and Customer Applications. Starbucks is another innovative company using social networking to build customer loyalty and mine innovative ideas from its customers (Hartley, 2010, p. 30). Starbucks has one of the best social media strategies. The most major online community they use are Twitter, Facebook, YouTube and Flickr. You can find their Facebook page, and if you are a twitter user, you also can find them in Twitter. Besides, Customers who register their Starbucks card not only get special discounts on drink and food, but also access to the Internet to provide feedback. My Starbucks Ideatheir own social network site In March 2008, Starbucks launched their own social media site called The My Starbucks Idea blog (http://mystarbucksidea.force.com). Readers are allowed to share suggestions, vote and discuss posted ideas, and see the most popular ideas would be highlighted and have been implemented. (Starbucks Corporation, 2010) Starbucks Blog called Ideas in Action. It is a part of My Starbucks Idea website. This blog is written by various Starbucks employees and talks about what Starbucks is doing with the ideas given by users on the My Starbucks Idea site. This blog let the reader know what happening with their ideas and increase the loyalty to this brand. Starbucks on Twitter Starbucks uses twitter every day to connect people and get heard. Until Today, Starbucks has over 1 million followers (Twitter, 2010). Twitter is a place for Starbucks to provide the better customer service. By using twitter to answer questions and retweets to communicate with the Starbucks fans and customers. Twitter also helps it to spread the news from the company. Every time, when Starbucks launch a new product, we always can find the related photo and articles link from Twitter at the first time. Besides, it helped to engaged consumers. Starbucks has already participated in Twitters promoted Tweets program, it means advertised sponsored link in twitter by paying money. (Rao, L, 2010) Starbucks using twitter as a promotional tool. And it offers discounts and promotions to users who retweet their message, thus making use of the word-of-mouth that currently exists on Twitter. Starbucks on Facebook Starbucks Facebook page has 10 million fans (Facebook, 2010), when they update their company their page, their fans would notice. And Facebook is a great social network site to organise the events, they use it to organise the real events. Besides, Starbucks also using the Facebook discussion with fans to talk about the products and service and announce the latest news. Starbucks also provide a promotion for free pastry on its Facebook pages, which let customer can find a coupon for free pastry with a purchase a coffee drink. Starbucks created a photo gallery, and post a lot of pictures not only the just latest coffee, but also got partners (staffs) and customers in it. Except that, they also put Howard (the CEO of Starbuck)s latest picture to close with the customers. Starbucks also  advertises  on Facebook to help in bringing  traffic  to Starbucks homepage. Starbucks on YouTube Starbucks also has its own YouTube Channel, and over 7,000 people subscribe to the Starbucks (YouTube, 2010). They upload video same as the commercial, and tell the audiences the information about their history and show people how they provide the best coffee. On the other hand, employees of Starbucks always submit headlines for YouTube videos with coffee experts talking about Starbuck Coffee. Not like other companies, Starbucks also allow people to update their video to their page. Recently, Starbucks join to the photo site called Flickr, and has more than thousands members with 15 thousand pictures. There is no doubt, Starbucks and many other businesses figured out using the social networking sites can help build the brand and engage the customer with spending less money.

Pakistani Prunes Essay

I began my preparation for this negotiation by reading the section in the textbook, The Pakistani Prunes, on page 498. Although this did not give me any additional information on the negotiation itself, it did make me aware of the main idea of this negotiation which was â€Å"work together in cooperation.† When I realized this negotiation was based on collaboration, I studied article 1.8, Implementing a Collaborative Strategy, more in depth. I took notes on points that I would be able to use during the negotiation. Then I made a list of possible questions that I could ask at the very start of the negotiation and the specific steps to a collaboration. I also used an article by Robert A. Steinberg called, The Game of Negotiation. From this article, I used the tactic of, â€Å"Identifying with others in similar circumstances.† With this tactic, I made sure to get the other parties’ story and listen to their whole side before jumping to conclusions. 1.8 (Implementing a Collaborative Strategy) This article stated the steps to the collaborative strategy. I used this during the negation by following the steps to ensure that I was not rushing through the process or forgetting an important issue. During the â€Å"Generating Alternative Solutions† step of the negotiation, we â€Å"expanded the pie†, by both using the whole prune, and we also â€Å"bridged† by creating the idea that one person bids while the other pays the bidder themselves. 1.9 (Solving Joint Problems to Create and Claim Value) In this article, I focused on the idea of ZOPA (zone of possible agreement). I remembered not to pass my ZOPA but instead listen and learn everything about the other parties’ needs. With this strategy I was able to acquire the information that the other party only needed the outside of the prune while  my organization only needed the pits. Another idea in this article that I used was to â€Å"Adopt a Persuasive Style.† Although I did not like the idea of being persuasive, I did remember to understand the other parties’ story. Instead of just listening and thinking of my next move, during this negotiation I focused on their needs and the key points to their research. 1.5 (Effective Negotiation Techniques) I was prepared to use the tactic of Fait Accompli and was set on making the first offer, but during the negotiation Tray used this method and gave me the first offer. 1.2 (Selecting a Strategy) In this article, collaboration is described in more detail, and I used this by remembering to be open and accurate during the negotiation. Strengths & Opportunities The negotiation was more integrative because Tray and I both focused on interests of both sides and not just our own. It was also integrated because we tried our best to â€Å"expand the pie.† We began the negotiation by explaining our reasoning for needing the prunes and each invested time in listening to the others interests. After this we quickly realized that we only needed part of the prune and not the whole prune. Identifying this early was the main strength during our negotiation because we were then able to figure out the logistics of the bidding process and the separation of the prunes. In article 1.8, it says not to rush the selecting solutions process. I used this to my advantage because I knew that if we were to rush the selection we would miss something important. With this reminder, we realized that we may not be the other people bidding on the prunes and decided that we should plan for this possibility. This was a big strength because we both agreed that in the occasion that someone else is bidding on the prunes and exceeded his $8 million limit, we would combine our investments to outbid the opponent. Together our limit was $13 million for this occurrence. Another strength that I had during the negotiation was that Tray did not know all of my information. I informed him that if my organization had to pick, clean, and separate the prunes, that our machines would pulverize not only the pits but also pulp. I informed him that this would make the pulp of the prunes worthless and that he would need to pick, wash, and separate the pits and the pulp. He agreed that this was the best solution, which is why he is doing all the initial work to obtain the prunes and we are purchasing just the pits from him after. In a way, I was using misrepresentation that is illustrated in article 2.11, Negotiation Ethics. I was using partially true statement when I was informing him of the machines but it was in fact a misrepresentation of the true facts. While we were writing the contract, we made the mistake of not thoroughly reading through our contract. Instead of having 65.2% on the contract we wrote 2.5% for the percentage of money I would be paying him for the pits. This meant I would have been paying significantly less money than we had initially negotiated. We both signed the contract while it had 2.5% on it and because of this I had the opportunity to take advantage of the mistake and only have to pay a small percentage of what Tray was going to have to pay. After looking over the contract, I felt that fixing the mistake was better in the long run because I would have a better relationship with him after the negotiation, and I would also not go against what we had previously discussed in the negotiation. I believed that my integrity was more important to me than the payment. I did recognize this weakness, but I did not capitalize on the weakness. I realized now that I am becoming a negotiator that analyses each move before taking it. The first negotiation I was trying to be nice the whole negotiation and because of that I forgot about some of my interest. This negotiation I was able to focus on both my interest and the other parties. I analyzed each response before taking action, which is why I gave him misinformation about our machinery. It was either pay a little more and get just the pits or do all the picking, washing, and separating and also bidding for the prunes myself. I do not think I took advantage of Tray because I did pay compensation for the extra work that he would have to do  initially. Weaknesses & Threats The biggest weakness, which was also a threat during this negotiation, was the mistake on the contract. This was an opportunity to take advantage of Tray, and if I would have taken that opportunity I could have severely damaged my reputation as a negotiator. Since I wrote the contract, it could have looked like I purposely miscalculated the percentage to my advantage. If I had chosen to keep the initial contract I would have represented myself as a sneaky and unethical person. A threat that occurred was that Tray did not understand that we needed different parts of the prune. Although, he caught on very quickly, we could have hit one of the obstacles mentioned in article 1.8. If Tray would have continued to think of his own interest and not listen completely to mine we would not have been able to collaborate on a win-win contract. I do not believe that I had any weaknesses that left me with a target on my chest. The negotiation went as I had expected it to. If given the chance I would probably give Tray all the information right off the bat, without any misrepresentation. Although the misleading of the machinery worked out in my favor, I think that I could have gotten the same effect if all the information had been presented truthfully. Also, I would not feel the internal battle that I negotiated unethically. This negotiation, I remembered to read all the possible information in preparation for the negotiation but I forget to reach deeper to the personal level during the negotiation. I went straight to business and asked questions referring to the negotiation and not the background of the negotiator. I think that if I had done this I would have gotten more background information that may have helped me with the relationship side of the negotiation. While I did listen to the organizations background and research, I did not ask about Trays background. I could have used that information to my advantage by possibly paying less due to the fact that Dr.  Wilson had a lot of money to throw around. Brief Summary of YOU as a negotiator I negotiated on the basis that I wanted to work together and figure out exactly what each of us needed. I was able to get what I needed out of the contract while coming together with Tray to figure out his needs. I was also able to figure out the payment of the prunes and how much we were both willing to pay for them. I stuck to the collaboration strategy and did not take advantage of my competitor but instead saw him as a partner. Brief Summary of your COUNTERPART as a negotiator Tray started the negotiation exactly how I was going to start it, with background information on what exactly we both wanted. He was great at thinking of possible situations that we may encounter. He did not live up to his reputation as â€Å"ruthless† but instead was compassionate to my organization. He believed that we both had a similar interest and was able to come up with some of the compromises to our contract. He also stepped up and took the initial task of bidding for the prunes and doing the labor to separate the prunes. Who do you believe did a better job of negotiating?

Global Warming Essay Essay

‘The earth has a fever, and the fever is rising†¦ We are what is wrong and we must make it right’ (Al Gore, 2007) In the context of global warming, discuss the extent to which you agree with this statement. Global warming has been happening for millions of years through periods of glacial’s and interglacial’s. The last glacial period occurred during the last years of the Pleistocene, approximately 110,000 to 12,000 years ago and ever since then the earth has been warming up. However the change between the heating and cooling used to be for natural reasons but now scientist are beginning to think that humans may be effecting this change meaning that the earth is warming. Climate change (a long term change in weather) can be seen from many sources. Historical evidence, such as agriculture reports, as it indirectly show different conditions as different crops grow better in different conditions and weather records can be used to show the weather in the past and the present (only since records began in 1861) which show a detailed change in the climate in only a short period of time. Physical evidence can also show climate change. Ice cores, sea sediment, a change in sea level and retreating glaciers all can show heating and cooling. Ice cores can be analysed as every year a new layer of ice will form and so the trapped gases from each year can be analysed. Sediments on the sea floor can similarly be analysed for the amount of O-16 or O-18 gas is present, as a colder climates would have more O-18 present. Sea level change is affected by changes such as ice melting, so if glaciers are retreating further there will be more water in the sea therefore it will rise. Finally biological evidence can be used as a source. Pollen analysis can date pollen to see when it was deposited, and then they can work out what the climate was like by seeing the conditions plants live in now. Tree rings can also be used, this is a similar method to ice cores, since a new ring grows every year so you can date the tree and then look at the thickness of each ring to tell what the climate was like. All this can show evidence that the temperature of the climate is rising and global warming is happening. The rate at which the global temperature is rising in unheard of in historical terms and scientists believe that is mainly down to humans. Increasing amounts of CO2 and methane gas are major contributors to global warming as they trap much of the long wave radiation trying to escape. Humans add to the volume of CO2 in the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels, such as coal and oil. Since the mid 19th century CO2 has increased form 280ppm to 380ppm. Deforestation removes plant that absorb CO2 so not as much goes into the atmosphere so when they are cut down they stop taking in CO2 meaning that there is more in the atmosphere rather than organic matter. CO2 is also released when trees as burnt. One other human activity that releases methane and nitrous oxides is farming. Nitrous oxides are released into the atmosphere when farmers use fertilisers. Livestock produce a lot of methane which all goes into the atmosphere. And also rice paddy fields emit methane. The causes of global warming are majorly to do with human activities, and we must change what we do. The impact of what we do on the earth has huge global impacts. Precipitation patterns will change and mid to high latitudes will receive a lot more precipitation and drier areas are likely to get drier for example Africa and Central America. This is due to changes in ocean circulation and wind patterns. These changes will also cause more major weather evens such as floods, droughts and storms. The spread of heat related illness could rise in countries that are more likely to get droughts now and food-borne illnesses may increase too as temperatures rise. Also disease vectors will be able to move to more countries that are currently too cold so malaria could become more of a problem. In some areas higher temperatures and less rain fall will reduce river flow and ground water flow so reservoirs may dry up, this could cause conflict between countries as in some areas water supply is likely to decrease by 10% by 2020. Food productivity may become a problem as well for a similar reason, however the type of crops grown may change in areas to crops that prefer that areas weather condition. The melting of glaciers and ice caps cause a rise in sea level which means habitats are lost and it will cause flooding in coastal areas and low lying areas this could mean that areas of SE Asia will be lost as well as islands  in the Pacific and Indian ocean. These impacts reflect the problems of the earths ‘fever’ and we need to respond to them to put it right again. The response at a global level, to global warming, have been to put a protocol together, called the Kyoto Protocol, aimed at reducing emissions. This agreement was formed in 1997 in order to monitor and reduce greenhouse gases. Developing countries and developed countries are both included in the scheme, developed countries had to cut emissions by 5% of their 1990 level between 2008 and 2012 and developing countries just need to monitor their levels so that they don’t rise. In order to persuade countries to keep to this incentives are given in the form of carbon credits, which countries can then sell to other countries if they are struggling. However the four countries with the highest CO2 emissions did not sign up originally in fear of it effecting their growth and economy. Responses at a national level are also helpful. Changing the energy mix of the country to use more renewable energy sources will reduce green house emissions from power stations, for example in the UK a 40% reduction of emissions by 2020 will be achieved by changing the energy mix. Also carbon capture will cut the amount of CO2 as it transports the excess CO2 to places where it can be stored safely. This has the potential to reduce emissions by 90%. Encouraging home owners to reduce fuel consumption in there homes would also help and giving financial incentives to people who create there own energy from renewable resources will hopefully help cut emissions. Furthermore if people were to use their cars less and chose to use public transport, walk or cycle emissions will be cut further. Many cities have now set up park and ride schemes, for example Oxford, so that you don’t have to take you car as far. Finally local responses to climate change include recycling more so there is less waste going to land fill, which produces methane gas and choosing energy efficient appliances as many old appliances produce 50% more emissions then new technologies. These are some things that we have to do to lower the temperature of the earth. In conclusion, Al Gore’s statement, I feel, is correct as we are contributing to the effects of global warming by emitting more CO2 and methane gas into the atmosphere so much of the long wave radiation cannot escape. I think  that all international, national and local are all-important, as they will all bring positive consequences to responding to global warming even if some have better affects than others. I believe that the international is the most important since it’s on such a huge scale the affects should be just as big. Recycling and using energy wisely are very easy and if everyone took these actions then the affects of global warming would be reducing massively. I think for these local responses to work the government should spend extensive money on promoting them – more so than they do already. If all these actions were put in place we would hopefully put the temperature back to where it belongs.

The Issue Of Legalizing Prostitution - 1700 Words

Releasing laws on prostitution †¦ specifically, legalizing this area of the sex industry, will create a profound impact on society. While halotry (as it was once commonly called) has its detractors and negative connotations, the benefits outway the problems society consistently point out. Society at large questions the merits of legalizing prostitution, when in fact there are several advantages legalization could create. At a minimum, legalizing harlotry will make the job significantly safer and keep sex workers and clientele healthier. By placing a public and government spot-light on prostitution, the public can expect to see less violence, for fear of prosecution and fines. If the government and or an organization stays on top of the work prostitutes do, there’s a likely chance sexually transmitted diseases will decrease; human trafficking and illegal children in relation to prostitution will also diminish. On an even higher note, this â€Å"new† occupation will assist in dropping unemployment and benefit the economy, tax payers, and government. While there are certainly strong points as to why legalizing prostitution is wrong and unorthodox, there’s powerful evidence that supports the concept of legalization. For instance, if one looks at the history of prostitution, they’ll learn how long prostitutes have been around and how they were all but welcomed and accepted in older societies! Existing laws on harlotry, pertaining to the majority of the U.S, must be converted; not onlyShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Legalizing Prostitution1823 Words   |  8 Pages Nowadays, prostitution is regarded as a taboo subject for most of the people. It was considered to be harmful with hidden criminal behavior. Despite of being regarded as a bad industry, prostitution is a billion-dollar industry throughout the world. A large number of men and women got enrolled in the prostitution market as suppliers and consumers. As today in US, Nevada is th e only one state which provides legal prostitution with laws limited while other states consider prostitution as outlaw andRead MoreMoral Or Immoral ! Should We Legalize Prostitution? Essay952 Words   |  4 PagesImmoral! Should we legalize prostitution? The analysis of the article; Learning from Nevada from the book The State of Sex. Tourism, Sex and Sin in the New American Heartland. Leads me to write about the social values, and moral values that contradict the acceptance of legalizing Prostitution within the United States. My opinion will be opposing the notion of any support in legalizing such immoral acts that threaten the moral fabric of the United States of America. So the issue is whether or not to legalizeRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1725 Words   |  7 PagesProstitution Should Be Legalized Some say prostitution is the world s oldest profession. Yet, only a small percentage of the world’s government allows it. The legalization of prostitution is a very controversial topic due to many people’s moral beliefs. Prostitutes all over the world are treated as outcasts. A reason for people to be against prostitution could be due to their religious beliefs, moral standpoints, or lack of knowledge over the subject. Many religions state that sex outside of marriageRead MoreShould Prostitution Be A Legal Occupation? Essay1146 Words   |  5 PagesShould Prostitution be a Legal Occupation? Throughout many generations, a topic has always been around: Prostitution. Should prostitution be legalized? Should we keep our laws against prostitution the same? Many topics go hand in hand with prostitution such as, rape culture, sexual transmitted diseases, and drugs. Negative words like those cause a horrible stigma around the outlawed occupation, causing one to only see the downsides of the job. Through analyzing the benefits of decriminalizingRead MoreLegalizing Prostitution : Home Run Or Strikeout?1266 Words   |  6 PagesEconomics Professor Terregrossa Legalizing Prostitution: Home Run or Strikeout? Worldwide the prostitution industry is worth $186 billion. In the United States the industry is worth $14.6 billion, and is known as one of the oldest â€Å"trades† practiced today. However, since prostitution is illegal the conditions for the workers are usually horrible, with many of them contracting STDs and being treated terribly by their bosses. So what would happen if we legalize prostitution? In the United States, the federalRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized? Essay example858 Words   |  4 PagesLegalizing prostitution would be beneficial to the government and sex workers by creating tax revenue, bettering medical care, and protecting prostitutes against violence. Prostitution is viewed differently throughout society and holds a lot of negative opinions but no one really discuss’ the benefits of prostitution being legalized throughout America. Many people believe in legalizing Marijuana not knowing its positivity and negativity. When legalizing prostitu tion you should look at the overallRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1354 Words   |  6 PagesTopic: Should Prostitution be Legal? General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the pros and cons of prostitution being legalized. Central Idea: There are various valid points on both side of the controversial issue of prostitution. I. Introduction Attention-Getter. The only reason I d lift my skirt is to pull a pistol and plug you in the head. Reveal the Topic. Should prostitution be legalized? C. Audience Motivation. Most human beings enjoy sexRead MoreEssay on Legalizing Prostitution927 Words   |  4 Pages Legalizing prostitution! A way for the American government to create job opportunities for the American women that chooses this profession. Prostitution is legal in many countries, so why not all of the United States? Prostitution should not be a crime! Sex is not a crime. Exchanging of money is not a crime. So, why should the two combined be a crime? Women can have sex with as many people as she wants in her private life, it’s her body and her choice. So what if she charges for it. She is providingRead MoreLegal Prostitution in the United States Essay1086 Words   |  5 PagesIt is rather odd to think that prostitution, which is considered to be the world’s oldest profession, would be illegal and harmful in nature. The issue of legalizing prostitution has entered public conversation around the world, which is severely divided. Many, like myself, co nsider prostitution to be a victimless crime. Despite such opposition to legalizing prostitution, many argue that legalizing it would result in decreased morality issues, increase the economic activity in the United StatesRead MoreShould Prostitution be Legalized1572 Words   |  6 PagesLegalizing prostitution could reduce attacks on women, trafficking of children, and the excessive amount of police man hours. What is prostitution, prostitution means that it is an activity that a person receiving sexual favors for monetary payments. Considered by many as the oldest profession in the world it is still illegal in most countries. Prostitution can be looked at from different points of view; it can be looked upon as a means to obtain sex without having the hassles of dating someone